Package {zot}

Version:	0.1.2
Title:	Access 'Zotero' Libraries
Description:	Interface to the 'Zotero' reference manager https://www.zotero.org through its public web API and local client database. Provides paginated reads, versioned writes, read-only local queries, batch plans and resumable ledgers, bibliographic comparison, metadata mapping, file attachment, and optional semantic-index queries.
License:	MIT + file LICENSE
Encoding:	UTF-8
Language:	en-US
URL:	https://averriK.github.io/zot/
Depends:	R (≥ 4.1.0)
Imports:	data.table, DBI, digest, httr2, jsonlite, RSQLite
Suggests:	knitr, rmarkdown, testthat (≥ 3.2.0)
VignetteBuilder:	knitr, rmarkdown
SystemRequirements:	Python 3 and zotero-mcp-server (optional, for ztSemantic())
Config/testthat/edition:	3
Config/roxygen2/version:	8.1.0
NeedsCompilation:	no
Packaged:	2026-09-12 11:49:05 UTC; averrik
Author:	Alejandro Verri Kozlowski [aut, cre, cph]
Maintainer:	Alejandro Verri Kozlowski <averri@fi.uba.ar>
Repository:	CRAN
Date/Publication:	2026-09-22 06:20:02 UTC

zot: Access Zotero Libraries

Description

An interface to Zotero's web API and local client database. The package provides read operations, batch plans and ledgers, bibliographic comparison, metadata mapping, attachments, and optional semantic-index queries.

Details

Start with vignette("zot", package = "zot"). Functions can be called from interactive sessions, scripts, automated jobs, and agent applications.

Author(s)

Maintainer: Alejandro Verri Kozlowski averri@fi.uba.ar (ORCID) [copyright holder]

Authors:

• Alejandro Verri Kozlowski averri@fi.uba.ar (ORCID) [copyright holder]

See Also

Useful links:

• https://averriK.github.io/zot/

Create an approval record for a preview

Description

Stores a preview digest, optional notes, and a timestamp in an object used by zotExecute().

Usage

zotApprove(preview, notes = "")

Arguments

Details

This function does not authenticate a person, evaluate an authorization policy, display the plan, or perform a write. The calling application determines how approval records are created. A preview should not be modified after this record is created because zotExecute() compares stored digests and does not recalculate the plan digest.

Value

A zotApproval containing the preview digest.

See Also

zotPreview() and zotExecute().

Examples

Plan <- data.table::data.table(
  action = "patch", library = "user", itemKey = "ABCD1234",
  payload = list(list(title = "A reviewed title"))
)
Preview <- zotPreview(Plan, describe = "Synthetic documentation batch")

Approval <- zotApprove(Preview, notes = "Documentation example")
Approval$digest == Preview$digest

Configure Zotero API access

Description

Creates a configuration object for requests to the Zotero Web API. The object stores the user identifier, API key, and an optional request performer used by tests or alternative transports. Arguments may be passed explicitly or read from environment variables, which supports interactive, scripted, and agent-driven use.

Usage

zotConfig(
  userID = Sys.getenv("ZOTERO_LIBRARY_ID"),
  key = Sys.getenv("ZOTERO_API_KEY"),
  performer = NULL
)

Arguments

Value

An object of class zotConfig.

Examples

Config <- zotConfig(userID = "42", key = "example-key")
Config

Execute a previewed batch with a resumable ledger

Description

Requires matching approval and preview digests and refuses a ledger written for a different digest. Completed ledger entries are skipped when the same batch resumes. The ledger file is rewritten periodically and at the end.

Usage

zotExecute(config, preview, approval, ledgerPath)

Arguments

Details

Patch operations read the current item version, use a conditional write, and compare requested fields with a subsequent API read. Create operations record the new key after it can be read. Trash operations use the status returned by zotTrash(). The approval record is application metadata; this function does not independently determine who authorized the batch.

Value

The ledger as a list (class zotLedger).

See Also

zotPreview(), zotApprove(), and zotVerify().

Examples

Store <- new.env(parent = emptyenv())
Store$version <- 1L
Store$title <- "Before"
Performer <- function(config, method, path, query, body, version) {
  if (method == "GET") {
    return(list(
      status = 200L, headers = list(),
      body = list(version = Store$version, data = list(title = Store$title))
    ))
  }
  Store$title <- body$title
  Store$version <- Store$version + 1L
  list(status = 204L, headers = list(), body = NULL)
}
Config <- structure(
  list(userID = "42", key = "example", apiBase = "https://example.invalid",
       performer = Performer),
  class = "zotConfig"
)
Plan <- data.table::data.table(
  action = "patch", library = "user", itemKey = "K1",
  payload = list(list(title = "After"))
)
Preview <- zotPreview(Plan, describe = "Synthetic offline patch")
Approval <- zotApprove(Preview, notes = "Documentation example")
LedgerPath <- tempfile(fileext = ".json")
Ledger <- zotExecute(Config, Preview, Approval, ledgerPath = LedgerPath)
Ledger$items$K1$status
unlink(LedgerPath)

Fetch every page of a listing endpoint

Description

Follows Total-Results with start/limit pagination and returns the concatenated item list.

Usage

zotGetAll(config, path, query = list(), limit = 100L)

Arguments

Value

A list of parsed items.

See Also

zotGet() and zotRequest().

Examples

Performer <- function(config, method, path, query, body, version) {
  Page <- if (query$start == 0L) {
    list(list(key = "A"), list(key = "B"))
  } else {
    list(list(key = "C"))
  }
  list(status = 200L, headers = list(`total-results` = "3"), body = Page)
}
Config <- structure(
  list(userID = "42", key = "example", apiBase = "https://example.invalid",
       performer = Performer),
  class = "zotConfig"
)
Items <- zotGetAll(Config, path = "/users/42/items", limit = 2L)
vapply(Items, function(Item) Item$key, character(1L))

Build a Zotero library API path

Description

Build a Zotero library API path

Usage

zotLibraryPath(config, library = "user")

Arguments

Value

The API path prefix for the selected library.

See Also

zotConfig() and zotRequest().

Examples

Config <- zotConfig(userID = "42", key = "example-key")
zotLibraryPath(Config)
zotLibraryPath(Config, library = "5107760")

List items from the local database

Description

Returns key, library, type, title, and dates for non-trashed items as a data.table. See zotLocalQuery() for synchronization and read-only details.

Usage

zotLocalItems(
  library = NULL,
  path = file.path(Sys.getenv("HOME"), "Zotero", "zotero.sqlite")
)

Arguments

Value

A data.table with key, groupID (0 for personal), itemType, title, dateAdded and dateModified.

See Also

zotLocalQuery(), ztCensus(), and ztSemantic().

Examples

# A temporary database with the tables used by zotLocalItems().
Path <- tempfile(fileext = ".sqlite")
Connection <- DBI::dbConnect(RSQLite::SQLite(), Path)
DBI::dbWriteTable(Connection, "libraries", data.frame(libraryID = 1:2))
DBI::dbWriteTable(Connection, "groups",
                  data.frame(libraryID = 2L, groupID = 555L))
DBI::dbWriteTable(Connection, "itemTypes",
                  data.frame(itemTypeID = 1L, typeName = "journalArticle"))
DBI::dbWriteTable(Connection, "items", data.frame(
  itemID = 1:3, key = c("AAA", "BBB", "CCC"), libraryID = c(1L, 2L, 1L),
  itemTypeID = 1L, dateAdded = "2026-01-01", dateModified = "2026-01-01"
))
DBI::dbWriteTable(Connection, "fieldsCombined",
                  data.frame(fieldID = 110L, fieldName = "title"))
DBI::dbWriteTable(Connection, "itemData",
                  data.frame(itemID = 1:3, fieldID = 110L, valueID = 1:3))
DBI::dbWriteTable(Connection, "itemDataValues", data.frame(
  valueID = 1:3, value = c("Personal article", "Group article", "Trashed article")
))
DBI::dbWriteTable(Connection, "deletedItems", data.frame(itemID = 3L))
DBI::dbDisconnect(Connection)

zotLocalItems(library = "user", path = Path)
zotLocalItems(library = 555, path = Path)
unlink(Path)

Read-only query over the local Zotero database

Description

Opens the local zotero.sqlite database in read-only mode. Local records can lag the Web API until the desktop client synchronizes, and WAL mode can make recent local changes temporarily unavailable to another reader.

Usage

zotLocalQuery(
  sql,
  params = list(),
  path = file.path(Sys.getenv("HOME"), "Zotero", "zotero.sqlite")
)

Arguments

Details

The database connection is opened with SQLite's read-only flag and closed when the query finishes. zotLocalQuery() does not copy or modify the desktop database. The caller remains responsible for supplying a read-only SQL statement. The default path is ⁠~/Zotero/zotero.sqlite⁠; pass path explicitly for a portable installation or a custom Zotero data directory.

Value

Query result as a data.table.

See Also

zotLocalItems(), zotRequest(), and ztSemantic().

Examples

Path <- tempfile(fileext = ".sqlite")
Connection <- DBI::dbConnect(RSQLite::SQLite(), Path)
DBI::dbWriteTable(Connection, "items", data.frame(key = c("A", "B")))
DBI::dbDisconnect(Connection)
zotLocalQuery("SELECT key FROM items ORDER BY key", path = Path)
unlink(Path)

Preview a batch plan

Description

Validates and summarizes a plan for execution by zotExecute(). A row has action "patch", "create", or "trash"; a user or group library; an item key for patch and Trash rows; and a payload list.

Usage

zotPreview(plan, describe)

Arguments

Details

zotPreview() validates the plan, rejects unknown actions and recognized source labels, copies the rows, and calculates a digest from a canonical JSON representation. It does not contact Zotero.

Value

A zotPreview: the plan, its canonical SHA-256 digest, counts and creation time.

See Also

zotApprove(), zotExecute(), and zotVerify().

Examples

Plan <- data.table::data.table(
  action = "patch", library = "user", itemKey = "ABCD1234",
  payload = list(list(title = "A reviewed title"))
)
Preview <- zotPreview(Plan, describe = "Correct one title")
Preview

Perform one Zotero API request

Description

Core transport for every zot API call: bounded retries, Backoff and Retry-After honoring, and conditional writes through If-Unmodified-Since-Version. Returns for every HTTP status — callers interpret status (a 404 is a verdict, not a transport failure); only an exhausted transport raises a zotHttpError.

Usage

zotRequest(config, method, path, query = list(), body = NULL, version = NULL)

zotGet(config, path, query = list())

zotPost(config, path, body)

zotPatch(config, path, body, version)

Arguments

Details

A performer receives config, method, path, query, body, and version, and returns a list with status, headers, and body. This makes the complete HTTP boundary replaceable in examples and tests without changing the public request contract. Responses eligible for retry are bounded by five attempts; other HTTP statuses are returned unchanged.

Value

A list with status, headers (named list) and body (parsed JSON, or NULL when empty).

See Also

zotGetAll(), zotTrash(), and zotPreview().

Examples

Performer <- function(config, method, path, query, body, version) {
  list(
    status = if (method == "POST") 201L else 200L,
    headers = list(),
    body = list(method = method, path = path, body = body, version = version)
  )
}
Config <- structure(
  list(userID = "42", key = "example", apiBase = "https://example.invalid",
       performer = Performer),
  class = "zotConfig"
)
zotGet(Config, path = "/users/42/items/ABCD1234")$status
zotPost(Config, path = "/users/42/items", body = list(list(title = "New")))$status
zotPatch(Config, path = "/users/42/items/ABCD1234",
         body = list(title = "Revised"), version = 7L)$body$version

Strong-identity comparison of two bibliographic records

Description

A duplicate is only what strong identity proves: an exact DOI, an exact attachment MD5, or normalized title plus year plus first-author family name. A bare title match proves nothing — generic titles collide across distinct documents — and reuse is refused when the first record carries a file the second lacks, whatever the metadata says.

Usage

zotSameItem(a, b)

Arguments

Value

A list: match (logical) and basis ("doi", "md5", "title-year-author" or "none").

See Also

ztTwins() for pairwise candidate detection.

Examples

A <- list(doi = "10.1000/Example", hasFile = TRUE)
B <- list(doi = "10.1000/example", hasFile = TRUE)
zotSameItem(A, B)

# A title alone never establishes identity.
zotSameItem(list(title = "Introduction"), list(title = "Introduction"))

Move items to the recoverable Trash

Description

The only removal zot implements: deleted = 1 through a minimal conditional PATCH. Permanent deletion is not part of this package; emptying Trash is not provided by this package.

Usage

zotTrash(config, keys, library = "user")

Arguments

Value

A data.table with one row per key: itemKey, status ("trashed", "already", "missing" or "failed").

See Also

zotPatch(), zotPreview(), and zotExecute().

Examples

Store <- new.env(parent = emptyenv())
Store$version <- 1L
Store$deleted <- 0L
Performer <- function(config, method, path, query, body, version) {
  if (method == "GET") {
    return(list(
      status = 200L,
      headers = list(),
      body = list(version = Store$version,
                  data = list(deleted = Store$deleted))
    ))
  }
  Store$deleted <- body$deleted
  Store$version <- Store$version + 1L
  list(status = 204L, headers = list(), body = NULL)
}
Config <- structure(
  list(userID = "42", key = "example", apiBase = "https://example.invalid",
       performer = Performer),
  class = "zotConfig"
)
zotTrash(Config, keys = "ABCD1234")

Census a ledger against its plan

Description

Summarizes item statuses and re-reads a bounded sample of completed patch rows.

Usage

zotVerify(config, preview, ledger)

Arguments

Details

At most ten completed patch rows are sampled. Create and Trash rows are not included. The result does not replace inspection of failed or missing ledger entries.

Value

A list: counts by status, sampleChecked, sampleConfirmed.

See Also

zotExecute() and ztCensus().

Examples

Performer <- function(config, method, path, query, body, version) {
  list(
    status = 200L, headers = list(),
    body = list(version = 2L, data = list(title = "After"))
  )
}
Config <- structure(
  list(userID = "42", key = "example", apiBase = "https://example.invalid",
       performer = Performer),
  class = "zotConfig"
)
Plan <- data.table::data.table(
  action = "patch", library = "user", itemKey = "K1",
  payload = list(list(title = "After"))
)
Preview <- zotPreview(Plan, describe = "Synthetic verified patch")
Ledger <- structure(
  list(items = list(K1 = list(status = "done"))),
  class = "zotLedger"
)
zotVerify(Config, Preview, Ledger)

Attach a local file to an existing item

Description

Implements Zotero's full upload protocol: create the attachment item, request upload authorization (an identical file already in storage short-circuits as exists), upload to the returned storage URL, register the upload, and verify the attachment's MD5 server-side. Uploads may consume Zotero storage quota and have immediate external effects.

Usage

ztAttach(
  config,
  parentKey,
  filePath,
  library = "user",
  filename = basename(filePath),
  contentType = .zotContentType(filePath),
  fileTransport = .zotFileTransport()
)

Arguments

Details

The default file transport performs every external protocol step. Supplying fileTransport replaces only authorization, byte upload, and registration; attachment creation and final API verification still use config. A stored file with the same MD5 returns "exists" before uploading bytes.

Value

A list: status ("uploaded", "exists" or "failed"), the attachment key, and error when failed.

See Also

ztCleanName(), zotPreview(), and zotExecute().

Examples

Path <- tempfile(fileext = ".pdf")
writeBin(as.raw(1:8), Path)
Performer <- function(config, method, path, query, body, version) {
  list(
    status = 200L, headers = list(),
    body = list(successful = list(`0` = list(key = "ATT1")))
  )
}
Config <- structure(
  list(userID = "42", key = "example", apiBase = "https://example.invalid",
       performer = Performer),
  class = "zotConfig"
)
Transport <- list(
  authorize = function(...) list(exists = 1L),
  upload = function(...) stop("upload should not run"),
  register = function(...) stop("registration should not run")
)
ztAttach(Config, parentKey = NA_character_, filePath = Path,
         fileTransport = Transport)
unlink(Path)

Build the create half of a block move

Description

Produces create rows in the destination library from the given records. Items carrying imported files are refused: moving files needs the upload protocol, which this plan builder does not perform.

Usage

ztBlockMoveCreate(records, toLibrary, collectionKey)

Arguments

Value

A guarded-flow plan of create rows, one per record, whose order matches records.

See Also

ztBlockMoveTrash(), zotPreview(), and ztAttach().

Examples

Records <- data.table::data.table(
  itemKey = "OLD1",
  payload = list(list(itemType = "book", title = "Reviewed book")),
  hasFile = FALSE
)
ztBlockMoveCreate(Records, toLibrary = "5107760", collectionKey = "DEST")

Build the trash half of a block move from its executed create ledger

Description

Returns Trash rows for originals whose corresponding create-ledger entry is marked "done" and records a new item key.

Usage

ztBlockMoveTrash(records, createLedger, fromLibrary)

Arguments

Value

A guarded-flow plan of trash rows.

See Also

ztBlockMoveCreate(), zotExecute(), and zotTrash().

Examples

Records <- data.table::data.table(
  itemKey = "OLD1", payload = list(list(title = "Reviewed book")),
  hasFile = FALSE
)
Ledger <- list(items = list(`create-1` = list(status = "done", new = "NEW1")))
ztBlockMoveTrash(Records, createLedger = Ledger, fromLibrary = "user")

Census a library through the API

Description

Returns top-level and Trash counts for one library, plus per-collection counts when collection keys are supplied.

Usage

ztCensus(config, library = "user", collectionKeys = NULL)

Arguments

Details

Each scope is counted from the API Total-Results response header while requesting only one record. Supplying named collection keys adds one row per requested collection without downloading the library contents.

Value

A data.table with scope and total.

See Also

zotGet(), zotLocalItems(), and zotVerify().

Examples

Performer <- function(config, method, path, query, body, version) {
  Total <- if (grepl("/trash", path)) "7" else "100"
  list(status = 200L, headers = list(`total-results` = Total), body = list())
}
Config <- structure(
  list(userID = "42", key = "example", apiBase = "https://example.invalid",
       performer = Performer),
  class = "zotConfig"
)
ztCensus(Config)

Normalize an incoming filename

Description

Removes source labels recognized by the package and copy markers such as (1) before the extension. The extension and other parenthetical text are retained.

Usage

ztCleanName(name)

Arguments

Value

The cleaned filename.

See Also

ztCleanTitle() and ztCleanPayload().

Examples

ztCleanName("Dynamics (1).pdf")
ztCleanName("Course Notes (SEG Course).pdf")

Sanitize every text field of an incoming item payload

Description

Applies the package's text-normalization rules across an item payload. Titles lose trailing extensions and copy markers, filenames retain their extensions, and creator names and tags are included. Non-text values are returned unchanged.

Usage

ztCleanPayload(payload)

Arguments

Value

The payload with every text field cleaned.

See Also

ztCleanName(), ztCleanTitle(), and zotPreview().

Examples

Payload <- list(
  itemType = "book",
  title = "Structural Analysis (1).pdf",
  creators = list(list(creatorType = "author", firstName = "A.",
                       lastName = "Author")),
  filename = "Structural Analysis (1).pdf"
)
ztCleanPayload(Payload)

Normalize an incoming title

Description

Like ztCleanName(), and additionally strips a trailing file extension and trailing copy markers — a title is not a filename.

Usage

ztCleanTitle(title)

Arguments

Value

The cleaned title.

See Also

ztCleanName(), ztCleanPayload(), and ztRetitle().

Examples

ztCleanTitle("Dynamics of Structures (1).pdf")
ztCleanTitle("Optimization (2nd Edition)")

Ensure a collection tree exists in a library

Description

Find or create each path (vectors of names, root first) and return the full path to key map. Creating a missing collection has an immediate API effect.

Usage

ztCollectionTree(config, library, paths)

Arguments

Details

Existing collections are indexed by parent key and name. Missing nodes are created from the root downward and reused by later paths in the same call. Unlike the plan builders, this function has immediate external effects.

Value

Named character vector: "A/B" -> collection key.

See Also

ztRefile() and zotPreview().

Examples

Counter <- new.env(parent = emptyenv())
Counter$n <- 0L
Performer <- function(config, method, path, query, body, version) {
  if (method == "GET") {
    return(list(
      status = 200L, headers = list(`total-results` = "0"), body = list()
    ))
  }
  Counter$n <- Counter$n + 1L
  Key <- paste0("COLL", Counter$n)
  list(
    status = 200L, headers = list(),
    body = list(successful = list(`0` = list(key = Key)))
  )
}
Config <- structure(
  list(userID = "42", key = "example", apiBase = "https://example.invalid",
       performer = Performer),
  class = "zotConfig"
)
ztCollectionTree(Config, library = "user", paths = list(c("Projects", "2026")))

Map a Crossref record to a Zotero item payload

Description

The returned payload is cleaned with ztCleanPayload() and can be placed in a create plan. The default fetcher contacts the public Crossref API; inject a compatible function for reproducible or offline work.

Usage

ztCrossref(doi, getJson = .zotCrossrefGet)

Arguments

Value

An item payload for a create row, or a classed error when the DOI does not resolve.

See Also

ztCleanPayload() and zotPreview().

Examples

Message <- function(doi) list(
  title = list("A reproducible record"),
  author = list(list(given = "Ada", family = "Lovelace")),
  `container-title` = list("Example Journal"),
  issued = list(`date-parts` = list(list(2026L)))
)
ztCrossref("10.1000/example", getJson = Message)

Build a refile plan that adds items to a collection

Description

Fetches each item's current memberships at plan time and produces patch rows whose collections payload is the union with addTo — the Zotero API replaces the whole membership list, so the merge is mandatory.

Usage

ztRefile(config, itemKeys, library, addTo)

Arguments

Details

Planning performs one current API read per key. It does not write, and it omits missing items and items already in the destination collection. Memberships can change after planning; rebuild or review the plan before execution when concurrent changes are possible.

Value

A guarded-flow plan (items already members are omitted).

See Also

ztCollectionTree(), zotPreview(), and zotExecute().

Examples

Memberships <- list(K1 = list("OLD"), K2 = list("TARGET"))
Performer <- function(config, method, path, query, body, version) {
  Key <- sub(".*/items/", "", path)
  list(
    status = 200L, headers = list(),
    body = list(version = 1L, data = list(collections = Memberships[[Key]]))
  )
}
Config <- structure(
  list(userID = "42", key = "example", apiBase = "https://example.invalid",
       performer = Performer),
  class = "zotConfig"
)
ztRefile(Config, itemKeys = c("K1", "K2"), library = "user",
         addTo = "TARGET")

Build a retitle plan from a deterministic transformation

Description

Pure plan builder: applies transform to every title and returns patch rows only where the result differs. Feed the result to zotPreview().

Usage

ztRetitle(items, transform)

Arguments

Value

A guarded-flow plan (possibly empty).

See Also

ztCleanTitle() and zotPreview().

Examples

Items <- data.table::data.table(
  itemKey = c("A", "B"), library = "user",
  title = c("Reviewed book (1).pdf", "Existing title")
)
ztRetitle(Items, transform = ztCleanTitle)

Query the semantic index built by zotero-mcp

Description

Read-only query over the chroma embedding index that the companion zotero-mcp tool builds (⁠zotero-mcp update-db⁠). Building or refreshing that index is a separate operation of the companion tool and is never triggered by this function. Requires the companion tool's Python environment; results can lag current Zotero API data.

Usage

ztSemantic(
  query,
  limit = 10L,
  dbPath = file.path(Sys.getenv("HOME"), ".config", "zotero-mcp", "chroma_db"),
  pythonPath = file.path(Sys.getenv("HOME"), ".local", "share", "uv", "tools",
    "zotero-mcp-server", "bin", "python3")
)

Arguments

Details

The defaults target one common Unix uv tool installation and index layout; pass pythonPath and dbPath for other environments. The function requires local access to a compatible Chroma collection named zotero_library, launches that Python interpreter once, and converts its JSON result to a data.table. It never creates or refreshes the semantic index. The current query has no library selector: limit applies across all indexed personal and group records, whose groupID is returned for inspection.

Value

A data.table with itemKey, groupID, title, distance (smaller is closer).

See Also

zotLocalItems() and zotLocalQuery().

Examples

# Requires the companion Python environment and a populated semantic index.
# These paths match the default Unix uv installation; adapt them as needed.
Python <- file.path(path.expand("~"), ".local", "share", "uv", "tools",
                    "zotero-mcp-server", "bin", "python3")
Index <- file.path(path.expand("~"), ".config", "zotero-mcp", "chroma_db")
if (file.exists(Python) && file.exists(file.path(Index, "chroma.sqlite3"))) {
  ztSemantic("conditional mean spectrum", limit = 5L,
             pythonPath = Python, dbPath = Index)
}

Detect duplicate candidates with evidence classes

Description

Groups records by normalized title to nominate candidates, then judges every pair with zotSameItem() — the strong-identity rule decides, never the title alone.

Usage

ztTwins(records)

Arguments

Value

A data.table of pairs: keyA, keyB, match, basis.

See Also

zotSameItem() and zotPreview().

Examples

Records <- data.table::data.table(
  itemKey = c("A", "B"), title = c("Paper", "Paper"),
  year = c(2026L, 2026L), author = c("Lovelace", "Lovelace"),
  doi = NA_character_, md5 = NA_character_, hasFile = FALSE
)
ztTwins(Records)