# Ecological screening of climate exposure

An ecological criterion can be screened against different components of climate exposure. `climniche_priority()` keeps the two objectives visible and returns their Pareto fronts.

## Pareto screening

Each screen pairs one climniche quantity with one ecological criterion. A cell has Pareto rank 1 when no other retained cell is at least as preferred on both objectives and strictly preferred on one. Successive fronts describe increasing Pareto depth. The Pareto depth score rescales these fronts from zero to one, with one assigned to the non-dominated front.

The two objectives remain visible throughout the analysis. The result is a set of non-dominated alternatives rather than a weighted sum or a complete conservation ranking.

## Mediterranean anchovy

The spatial fit is taken from the European anchovy example. Current SDM suitability provides the second criterion for both screens. Because this suitability surface also defines the fitted reference niche, the result is a within-reference spatial screening, not an independent conservation priority.

Positive Niche Distance Shift screen combines high current suitability with a larger positive Niche Distance Shift. Positive values represent movement away from the current niche centre.

    positive_shift <- climniche_priority(
      spatial_fit,
      exposure = "niche_distance_change",
      criterion_name = "Current SDM suitability",
      scope = "current",
      positive_only = TRUE,
      exposure_direction = "maximize"
    )

Low Climatic Displacement screen combines high current suitability with lower Climatic Displacement. It identifies cells where higher suitability coincides with comparatively less local climatic change.

    low_displacement <- climniche_priority(
      spatial_fit,
      exposure = "climate_change_amount",
      criterion_name = "Current SDM suitability",
      scope = "current",
      positive_only = FALSE,
      exposure_direction = "minimize"
    )

Profile | Exposure | Direction | Ranked cells | Pareto fronts | First front
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Positive Niche Distance Shift | Niche Distance Shift | maximize | 13,495 | 265 | 18
Low Climatic Displacement | Climatic Displacement | minimize | 13,584 | 212 | 30

## Decision planes and maps

    positive_shift_figure <- plot_climniche_priority(
      positive_shift,
      type = "both",
      map_value = "pareto_depth_score",
      study_region = mediterranean_boundary,
      degree_labels = "hemisphere"
    )

    low_displacement_figure <- plot_climniche_priority(
      low_displacement,
      type = "both",
      map_value = "pareto_depth_score",
      study_region = mediterranean_boundary,
      degree_labels = "hemisphere"
    )

Panels (a) and (c) retain the two objectives and outline the first Pareto front. Panels (b) and (d) map the depth of each retained cell relative to its own screen. Pareto depth scores are therefore interpreted within a screen, not compared between the two maps.

An independent abundance, habitat-condition, irreplaceability, restoration or management-cost layer can instead be supplied through `criterion`, with the preferred direction set by `criterion_direction`.

The Pareto procedure follows the spatial multi-criteria application of Tracey et al. (2018). Lower Climatic Displacement indicates relative climatic stability in the fitted climatic space; it is not evidence of species persistence or a climate refugium.